Income distribution refers to the distribution of national income produced in a country in a given period among individuals, social groups, regions or owners of production factors. The factors that cause income inequality are education and ability differences between individuals in society, unequal distribution of resources, technological change, inflation, globalization, inhomogeneity of the labor force due to employment conditions and unemployment. Achieving and maintaining an environment of social peace in a country largely depends on the fair distribution of income. Calculation and monitoring of income distribution in Turkey has been carried out on a regular basis by the Household Income and Consumption Expenditure Surveys by TURKSTAT since 2002. It is observed that the inequality of income distribution in Turkey does not show a regular decrease and even has an increasing trend since 2015. Although there was a slight decrease in 2007-2008, this situation was not continuous, and Gini coefficient was 0.4 in 2020. Employment policies play an important role in combating income inequality. In addition to the regulations that will support the participation of the young population and women in the labor market in Turkey, the contribution of vocational training and training given within the framework of digital transformation to the labor market is gaining more and more importance.
Anahtar Kelimeler: income distribution, income inequality, employment policy
|
